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OBJECTIVE@#To screen the active components from Fuzheng Huayu Recipe (FZHY) and redesign a new recipe composed of the active components, and validate the effect of active components formulation from FZHY against liver fibrosis.@*METHODS@#Thirty-two components from FZHY were evaluated for their activities against liver fibrosis respectively, with 6 kinds of cell models in vitro, including oxidative stressed hepatocyte in L-02, hypoxia injured/proliferative hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells in SK-HEP-1 and human hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells (HHSEC), and activated hepatic stellate cell in LX-2. The comprehensive activity of each component against liver fibrosis was scored according to the role of original herbs in FZHY and cell functions in fibrogenesis. Totally 7 active components were selected and combined with equal proportion to form a novel active components formulation (ACF). The efficacy of ACF on liver fibrosis were evaluated on activation of LX-2 and proliferation of HHSEC in vitro and in liver fibrosis model mice induced by dimethylnitrosamine (DMN). Totally 72 mice were divided into 6 groups using a random number table, including normal, high-dose ACF control (20 µ mol/L × 7 components/kg body weight), model, low-, medium-, high-dose ACF groups (5, 10, 20 µ mol/L × 7 components/kg body weight, respectively). Hematoxylin eosin and Sirius red stainings were used to observe inflammation and fibrosis change of liver tissue; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to observe the effect of ACF on ultrastructure of hepatic sinusoids.@*RESULTS@#Fifteen components from FZHY showed higher scores for their activity on against liver fibrosis. Among them, 7 components including tanshinone II A, salvianolic acid B, cordycepin, amygdalin, quercetin, protopanaxatriol, and schizandrin B were recombined with equal proportions to form ACF. ACF at 1,2, 4 µ mol/L showed strong inhibitory effects on activation of LX-2 and proliferation of HHSEC in vitro (all P<0.01). Compared with the model group, ACF attenuated liver collagen deposition, improved sinusoidal capillarization in a dose-dependent manner (all P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#ACF exerts a satisfactory effect against experimental liver fibrosis and attenuates sinusoidal capillarization, which warrant a further research and development for herbal components formulation on liver fibrosis.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Body Weight , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects , Endothelial Cells , Liver , Liver Cirrhosis/drug therapyABSTRACT
The choice of friction interface has always been a controversial topic in hip arthroplasty. Although the metal-on-metal (MoM) interface has gradually faded out of our vision, its revision is a clinical difficulty. Adverse reactions to metal debris (ARMD) is the most common indication for MoM hip arthroplasty revision, and the clinical results of hip arthroplasty due to ARMD are not satisfactory. At present, the indications and suggestions for revision of ARMD are not uniform. In this article, the clinical diagnosis, indications of revision, risk factors of prognosis, intraoperative suggestions and reasons for revision of ARMD were summarized. This article briefly introduces the diagnosis and treatment strategies and precautions of hip arthroplasty due to ARMD, in order to provide reference for such patients in clinical practice.
Subject(s)
Humans , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects , Hip Prosthesis/adverse effects , Metal-on-Metal Joint Prostheses/adverse effects , Prosthesis Design , Prosthesis Failure , ReoperationABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical effect of laparoscopic and open radical resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma (Bismuth-I). Methods From January 2011 to January 2017, 34 patients (10 patients in the laparoscopic group and 24 patients in the open group) underwent radical resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Their clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. Results All these patients underwent radical resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma of type Bismuth-I successfully. The volume of blood loss was (179.50 ± 98.05) ml and duration of hospital stay was (11.80 ± 2.49) d of laparoscopic group which was lower than (261.25 ± 97.33) ml, (16.25 ± 3.35) d of open group (P < 0.05). The levels of Tbil of laparoscopic group at days after operation 1, 3, 5 d were (102.20 ± 45.49) mmol/L, (83.57 ± 30.66) mmol/L, (45.09 ± 18.41) mmol/L. The levels of Tbil of open group at days after operation 1, 3, 5 d were (148.17 ± 62.78) mmol/L, (121.60 ± 43.35) mmol/L, (80.59 ± 43.89) mmol/L. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). And the laparoscopic group postoperative number of lymph nodes dissected (9.79 ± 3.05), postoperative complications (1 cases), positive margin (0 cases); and open group(9.30 ± 3.06), 3 cases, had no statistically significant differences were compared (P >0.05). Two groups of patients were followed up for 6~18 months. During the follow-up period, there was no recurrence or metastasis in the two groups. Conclusion Laparoscopic Bismuth-I radical resection of hilar bile duct carcinoma in lymph node dissection, postoperative complications, positive margin rate, prognosis and open type Bismuth-I hilar cholangiocarcinoma radical operation of similar effects, and more minimally invasive advantages. Therefore, laparoscopic radical resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma of type Bismuth-I is safe and feasible.
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Objective: To investigate the effect of water-soluble components from Salvia miltiorrhiza on liver sinusoid endothelial cell function and angiogenesis. Methods: Different dosages of water-soluble components from S. miltiorrhiza were incubated for 24 h with HHSEC cell line, and the toxicity of HHSEC cells was assayed by CCK-8 method. The proliferation of HHSEC cells was induced by endothelial cell growth supplements (ECGS), with receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib as positive control, cell proliferation was analyzed by EdU DNA cell proliferation kit; Fluorescence probe method was used to assay the intracellular NO level and NOS activity; Immunofluorescence method was performed to observe the expression of CD31; The transgenic zebrafishes were incubated for 24 h with each component. The fluorescence vessels, the number of functional blood vessels, and intersegmental vessel changes were observed; Chicken chorioallantoic membranes were incubated for 24 h with each component, Image Analysis Software was used to analyze the vessel area changes. Results: Compared with control group, the proliferation of HHSEC cells induced by ECGS increased, the level of NO and NOS activity reduced and the expression of CD31 increased; Compared with the model group, salvianolic acid A, salvianolic acid B, salvianolic acid C, and sorafenib inhibited the proliferation of HHSEC cells induced by ECGS, reduced the level of NO, NOS activity, and expression of CD31. The vessel area of chicken chorioallantoic membranes was decreased in sorafenib, salvianolic acid A, salvianolic acid B and caffeic acid. Salvianolic acid C also significantly inhibited the intersegmental vessel changes of transgenic zebrafish. Conclusion: Salvianolic acid A, salvianolic acid B, and salvianolic acid C have the potential effects on function of endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis.
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To investigate the effects of cryptotanshinone (an active ingredient of Salvia Miltiorrhiza) inhibition of angiogenesis, the toxicity of cryptotanshinone was assayed in human hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells (HHSEC) by CCK8 method. Max dose without toxicity is 10 μmol·L-1. The proliferation of HHSEC were induced by the endothelial cell growth supplement (ECGS), with 2.5 μmol·L-1 sorafenib as the positive control. Cell proliferation was analyzed by EdU assay. Cell viability was analyzed by CCK8 method. The expression of vWF was analyzed by immunofluorescence method. Fluorescence probe method was used to detect the intracellular nitric oxide (NO) levels. Tube formation of HHSEC and transgenic zebrafish were also observed to evaluate the effects of cryptotanshinone against angiogenesis. Compared with normal control, there is a proliferation of HHSEC induced by ECGS. The expression of vWF and the NO levels increased significantly. Cryptotanshinone inhibited the proliferation, down regulated the expression of vWF and the NO levels. Further, cryptotanshinone inhibited the tube formation of HHSEC and reduced the number of fu nctional vessels in transgenic zebrafish. The results suggest that cryptotanshinone could inhibit angiogenesis by regulating the HHSEC cell function.
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Objective: To investigate the protective effects of Danshen Formula Granula (DFG) against the damage of pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells induced by alcohol. Methods: PC12 cells were treated with alcohol and DFG at different concentration. The survival rates of PC12 cells were measured by MTT method and the protective effects of DFG against the damage of PC12 cells induced by alcohol were evaluated using the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage assays (P < 0.05). The apoptosis rates in PC12 cells were examined by TUNEL and Annexin V/PI label staining (P < 0.05). The antioxidant mechanism was assayed by detecting the activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxide enzyme (GSH-Px), and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) (P < 0.05) were detected by DCFH-DA staining method. Results: DFG could reduce the damage of PC12 cells induced by alcohol and significantly decrease the apoptosis rate induced by alcoholic damage in PC12 cells (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, DFG could increase the activity of T-SOD, GSH-Px, while CAT, the amounts of MDA, and intracellular ROS were decreased. Conclusion: DFG has the effective protection against the damaged PC12 cells induced by alcohol. The mechanism may be involved in increasing the cell anti-oxidative function.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study was to investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics, curative effect and prognosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical and pathological features, diagnosis and treatment, curative efficacy and survival rate of 20 cases of primary central nervous system lymphoma were retrospectivaly analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The indicated that the clinical manifestations included headache, paralysis, seizures, dizziness and mental acuity, etc. There were 7 cases with single focus of lesion, 13 cases with multiple foci of lesions. The pathologic examimation showed 1 case of peripheral T-cell lymphoma and 19 cases of diffuse large B cell lymphoma, they all were from non-germinal center. Out of 20 cases, 11 cases with Ki-67>75%,6 cases with Ki-67 50%-75%, 2 cases with Ki-67 25%-50% and 1 case with Ki-67 10%. Therapeutic evaluation were as follows: 10 cases with CR, 2 cases with PR, 6 cases with PD in 18 patients recieved treatment. The use of ritusimab in treatment or no use and number of lesion foci in cranium were related to survival time (P < 0.05) . The survival time in group with Ki-67(+)<75% was longer than that in group with Ki-67(+)>75% (P = 0.042). Age and CSF-TP level were related to curative effect (P < 0.05) .</p><p><b>CONCLUTION</b>There is no specific clinical manifestation. The physical examination and imageological diagnosis of PCNSL, as well as pathological biopsy are necessary for diagnose of PCNSL. The factors for poor prognosis include age > 60 years, CSF-TP > 600 mg/L, multiple lesions and Ki-67(+)>75%. PCNSL has high malignancy and poor prognosis. The chemotherapy based on high dose of MTX (among which MTX combined with rituximab) and HSCT after CR are the best treatment regimen for DLBCL.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Central Nervous System Neoplasms , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse , Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral , Prognosis , Survival RateABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To digitalize the changes in characters of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex after perspiration with colorimeter and electronic nose.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>With perspired and non-perspired Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex as objective, colorimeter and electronic nose were used to detect their color characteristic parameter and odor characteristic parameter. Finally, an identification model was established.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>In terms of drug color, the color characteristic parameter model was established for perspired and non-perspired Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex on the basis of L*, a*, b* color spaces. The range of 90% of reference values of perspired Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex: L* (52.22-59.42), a* (5.36-7.68), b* (22.04-27.05). The range of 90% of reference values of non-perspired Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex: L* (38.42-47.31), a* (9.63-11.85), b* (18.48-25.53). In terms of drug odor, the principal component analysis (PCA) and the partial least squares method (PLS) showed significant difference between perspired and non-perspired Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The difference in drug color and odor of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex before and after perspiration can be digitalized according to color and odor characteristic parameters tested with colorimeter and electronic nose.</p>
Subject(s)
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical , Color , Colorimetry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Magnolia , Chemistry , Odorants , Quality ControlABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of active components of Danshen and Shanzha of different matching proportions on atherosclerosis (AS), in the expectation of obtaining the optimum combination method.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Atherosclerotic rats were fed with high fat diet, and injected with vitamin D3 and ovalbumin. Aqueous extracts of Danshen (DSA) and Shanzha (SZA) and lipophilic extracts of danshen (DSL) were adopted for a low, medium and high-dose orthogonal experiment, to observe the effect of their different matching proportions on lipid level, oxidative stress, endothelial function and inflammatory reaction. The principal component analysis and cluster analysis were adopted for the multi-objective optimization of experimental results.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with the model group, all of samples with different proportions of DSA, DSL and SZA showed effect in lowering lipid level, scavenging free radicals, reducing endothelial dysfunction and inhibiting inflammation. According to the variance analysis, DSA2-SZA2-DSL1, DSA3-SZA2-DSL1, DSA3-SZA3 -DSL3 and DSA3-SZA1-DSL1 were the optimal proportions for lowering lipid level, scavenging free radicals, reducing endothelial dysfunction and inhibiting inflammation, respectively. According to the results of the multi-objective optimization, DSA2-SZA1-DSL2 was the optimal proportions of anti-AS.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All of active components of Danshen and Shanzha of different matching proportions show the anti-AS effect in rats to varying degrees, but with different focus in different matching proportions.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Pharmacology , Antioxidants , Pharmacology , Atherosclerosis , Drug Therapy , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Endothelium, Vascular , Lipids , Blood , Phenanthrolines , Therapeutic Uses , Phytotherapy , Salvia miltiorrhiza , ChemistryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the toxic effect of fluoride on the human thyroid cells (Nthy-ori 3-1) and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Nthy-ori 3-1 cells were exposed to 0.0, 0.1, 1.0, 3.0 mmol/L of sodium fluoride (NaF) in vitro. After 24 hours incubation, 3 (4,5-Dimethylthiazol-z-yl)-3, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay were used to measure cell viability and the LDH leakage rate. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, constituent ratio of the cell cycle, and apoptosis rate were measured by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Comparing to viability of control group (set as 100.00%), the cell viability of the 1.0, 3.0 mmol/L fluoride-treated groups (76.64 +/- 9.13)%, (64.04 +/- 6.32)% were significantly decreased (all P values <0.01). LDH leakage rate and ROS level of the 3.0 mmol/L fluoride-treated group ((48.66 +/-7.15)%, (29993.50 +/- 1786. 86) FI) were significantly increased (all P values <0.01) compared to control group ((35.24 +/- 3.02)%, (13021.33 +/- 1067.55) FI). The G0/G1 phase cells of the 1.0 mmol/L fluoride-treated group ((40.76 +/- 5.65)%) were lower than control group (60.09 +/- 1.76)% (P < 0.01), yet the percentage of cells in S phase ((54.05 +/- 4.59)%) were higher than the control group (32.59 +/- 2.43) % (P < 0.01). Comparing to control group ((9.64 +/- 3.44)%), the percentage of apoptosis cells increased in the 3.0 mmol/L fluoride-treated group ((20.09 +/- 3.22)%) (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>To Nthy-ori 3-1 cells, fluoride under experimental concentrations decreases cell viability, improve the LDH leakage rate, and ROS level. It blocks the cells in S phase and induce cell apoptosis.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Apoptosis , Cell Cycle , Cell Division , Cell Line , Fluorides , Toxicity , Reactive Oxygen Species , Thyroid Gland , Cell BiologyABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of dietary nutrition on dental fluorosis degrees of school children in endemic fluorosis areas. Methods Two hundred and eight children aged 8 to 12 years were chosen using cluster random sampling method from a village of municipal suburban and a town of autonomous region, both with a history of serious endemic fluorosis. Morning urinary fluoride was measured by fluoride ion electrode. The Tooth Surface Index of Dean was applied to measure the severity of dental fluorosis. Food and nutrient intakes were analyzed according to the 3-day diet records and duplicate meals. Results The urinary fluoride concentration of the children in the town [(6.80±3.90)mg/L]was much higher than those in the village [(5.20±2.75)mg/L, t= 3.21, P < 0.01]. Dental fluorosis index of the children in the town was 1.9, higher than that of the village of 1.8 (H=10.266, P < 0.01). The town had more children with fluoride tooth degree higher than Ⅱ [63.3%(57/90)]than the village did[48.3% (57/118), χ2=4.633, P < 0.05]. A 3-days diet records showed that children in the village ate more protein, calcium, vitamin C and so on but less dietary fiber, vitamin E, magnesium than those in the town did(all P < 0.01). Duplicate meals revealed that children in the town had more daily intake of magnesium, lithium, lead and less cadmium than those of the village did(P < 0.01 or < 0.05). Children in the village had higher intake of fluoride[(2.24±1.18)mg/d]than those of the town [(1.78±0.06)mg/d, t = 4.21, P < 0.01]. Conclusions Healthy diet can reduce the incidence of dental fluorosis or mitigate the degree of the impairment. This study can provide scientific basis for the future control and elimination of endemic fluorosis.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of dexketoprofen trometamol in the treatment of patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 115 patients with CP/CPPS were divided into a dexketoprofen trometamol group (n = 40), treated with dexketoprofen trometamol (25 mg, tid) and terazosin (2 mg, qn), an indometacin group (n = 40) given indometacin (25 mg, tid) and terazosin (2 mg, qn), and a terazosin group (n = 35) administered terazosin (2 mg, qn) only, all treated for 4 weeks. Scores on the NIH-chronic prostatitis symptom index (NIH-CPSI) were obtained before and after the treatment, and the efficacy and adverse events were observed and compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The NIH-CPSI scores were significantly improved after the treatment in all the three groups. The clinical efficacy was significantly better in the dexketoprofen trometamol and indometacin groups than in the terazosin group (P < 0.05), but with no significant difference between the former two (P > 0.05). The rates of adverse events were 10.00%, 18.57% and 27.50% in the dexketoprofen trometamol, terazosin and indometacin groups, significantly lower in the former two than in the latter one (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combination of dexketoprofen trometamol with terazosin could effectively improve the clinical symptoms of CP/CPPS, better than terazosin in therapeutic efficacy and than indometacin in drug tolerance.</p>